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Blood values and what they measure

Blood values are measurable substances in your blood. Together they sketch a picture of your energy, recovery and capacity. Look up a value and check its reference range. Each one explains what a high or low result says about your condition.

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Other

Total Protein

Total protein measures the combined amount of albumin and globulins in your blood. These proteins play essential roles in maintaining fluid balance, fighting infections, transporting substances, and supporting tissue repair.

61-81 61-81 g/l
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Thyroid

Total T3 (Triiodothyronine)

Total T3 measures triiodothyronine, the most metabolically active thyroid hormone. For active individuals, T3 may influence metabolic rate, energy availability, and recovery capacity.

1.3-3.1 1.3-3.1 nmol/l
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Hormones

Total Testosterone

Total testosterone is a key hormone for physical performance, influencing muscle protein synthesis, recovery capacity, and energy output.

6.68-29 0.101-1.67 nmol/l
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Minerals

Transferrin

Transferrin is the delivery system for iron to working muscles. Monitoring it alongside ferritin and serum iron helps optimise oxygen transport for physical performance.

2-3.5 2-3.5 g/l
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Minerals

Transferrin Saturation

Transferrin saturation measures the percentage of iron-transport protein carrying iron, a critical marker for physical performance.

20-45 20-45 %
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Cardiovascular

Triglycerides

Triglycerides are used as fuel during exercise. Monitoring helps active individuals understand fat metabolism efficiency and metabolic health alongside performance.

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Cardiovascular

Troponin T (Cardiac)

Troponin T can rise transiently after intense endurance exercise. Active individuals should be aware of this marker to distinguish training effects from cardiac concerns.

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Kidney

Urea (BUN)

BUN is a kidney function marker that active individuals should monitor regularly. Intense exercise, high-protein diets, and protein supplementation can all elevate BUN levels.

2.7-14.2 2.2-13.9 mmol/l
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Metabolic

Uric Acid

Intense exercise can temporarily elevate uric acid. Monitoring helps active individuals distinguish training-related changes from metabolic concerns like gout risk.

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Kidney

Urine Bilirubin

Bilirubin is a yellow pigment formed when red blood cells break down.

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Kidney

Urine Blood

This dipstick result detects blood in the urine that may not be visible to the eye.

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Kidney

Urine Culture

A urine culture supports active individuals in maintaining urinary health. Dehydration during intense training can increase UTI susceptibility, and certain supplements may alter urinary pH.

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Kidney

Urine Glucose

Glucose is normally reabsorbed by the kidneys and is not present in urine.

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Kidney

Urine Ketones

Ketones are produced when the body breaks down fat for energy instead of glucose.

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Kidney

Urine Leukocytes

Leukocytes, also called white blood cells, are immune cells that help protect the body against foreign invaders.

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Kidney

Urine Nitrite

Nitrite is not normally found in urine. Certain bacteria convert nitrate into nitrite, so a positive dipstick result can be a sign of a bacterial urinary tract infection.

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Kidney

Urine Screening

Urine screening helps active individuals monitor hydration status, detect exercise-induced changes in kidney function, and identify potential issues from supplement use.

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Kidney

Urine Sediment

Urine sediment analysis helps active individuals understand the impact of intense training on kidney and urinary tract health.

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Kidney

Urine Sediment Leukocytes

Sediment leukocytes are white blood cells counted under the microscope in spun-down urine. A few are normal; a higher number can point to inflammation or infection in the urinary tract.

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Kidney

Urine Specific Gravity

Specific gravity reflects how concentrated your urine is, which is closely tied to how well hydrated you are. It typically ranges from about 1.002 to 1.035.

1-1.04 1-1.04 g/ml
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Kidney

Urine Squamous Epithelial Cells

Squamous epithelial cells line the lower urinary and genital tract.

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Kidney

Urine pH

Urine pH describes how acidic or alkaline your urine is. It naturally varies through the day with diet, hydration and other factors, and usually falls between roughly 4.5 and 8.0.

4.5-8 4.5-8 pH
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Vitamins

Vitamin A

Vitamin A measures retinol, a fat-soluble vitamin that may support physical performance through its role in immune function, vision, and tissue repair.

1.05-2.8 1.05-2.8 umol/l
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Vitamins

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)

Vitamin B1 (thiamine) is considered essential for converting carbohydrates into energy during exercise. Active individuals may have higher requirements due to increased metabolic demands.

66.5-200 66.5-200 nmol/l
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